Abel, Galois, Klein, Noether: Unsolvability, Symmetry, and Unity in Mathematics in the 19th and 20th Centuries — MAT4237.01
What does it mean for a mathematical problem to be unsolvable? The very concept does not seem to have been much considered, until, in 1824, a young Norwegian named Niels Henrik Abel published a small pamphlet on an old problem. The pamphlet was one of the first markers of a sea change in mathematics, and by the time Abel died, six years later at the age of twenty-six,