Confucianism vs. Daoism: Classical Texts, Research, and Dialogue

Course Description

Summary

This advanced Chinese course engages students in a deep exploration of China’s two most influential philosophical traditions—Confucianism (儒家) and Daoism (道家)—through direct engagement with authentic classical texts. We will read selections from The Analects (《论语》) by Confucius, The Daodejing (《道德经》) by Laozi, and the Zhuangzi (《庄子》), accompanied by the instructor’s own translations to facilitate comprehension of classical Chinese.

Through close reading, translation comparison, and discussion, students will examine how these philosophies shaped Chinese ethics, aesthetics, social structures, and political ideals—and continue to influence modern thought in China and beyond. While Confucianism provided moral frameworks for governance and education, Daoism offered a vision of harmony, spontaneity, and freedom that has inspired thinkers and artists worldwide.

This course combines two hours of classroom study with two hours of student-led research and discussion each week. Students will develop individual research projects comparing Confucian and Daoist ideas and present their findings through written essays or creative works. The instructor will also meet regularly with the entire class to discuss progress and brainstorm ideas. As this is a small seminar, meeting times can be arranged flexibly to ensure everyone has the opportunity for meaningful engagement. Designed for advanced learners—those who have completed at least six or seven terms of Chinese study, including native Chinese speakers—the course emphasizes reading comprehension, advanced writing, and independent critical inquiry in Chinese.